ʻO ka ʻepekema ma hope o ka Ultrasound: Pehea e hana ai a me kāna mau lāʻau lapaʻau

Ua lilo ka ʻenehana Ultrasound i mea pono loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou, e hāʻawi ana i nā mana kiʻi non-invasive e kōkua i ka diagnose a me ka nānā ʻana i kahi ākea o nā kūlana olakino. Mai ka nānā ʻana i ka prenatal a hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi o loko, he hana koʻikoʻi ka ultrasound i ka mālama olakino. Akā pehea ka hana o ka ultrasound, a he aha ka mea e waiwai nui ai i nā noi lāʻau? Ke ʻimi nei kēia ʻatikala i ka ʻepekema ma hope o ka ultrasound a me kāna mau noi like ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha ka Ultrasound?

ʻO ka Ultrasound e pili ana i nā hawewe kani me nā alapine i ʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka lohe kanaka, maʻamau ma luna o 20 kHz. Ma ke kiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana maʻamau nā mea ultrasound i nā alapine mai ka 1 MHz a i ka 15 MHz. ʻAʻole like me nā kukui X, e hoʻohana ana i ka radiation ionizing, hilinaʻi ʻo ultrasound i nā hawewe kani, e lilo ia i mea palekana no nā mea maʻi a me nā limahana mālama ola.

Pehea e hana ai ka Ultrasound

Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kiʻi ultrasound ma ke kumu o ka noʻonoʻo hawewe kani. Penei ke kaʻina hana:

1. Hoʻokumu i nā hawewe kani: ʻO kahi mea i kapa ʻia he transducer e hoʻopuka i nā hawewe kani alapine kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke kino. Loaʻa i ka transducer nā kristal piezoelectric e hoʻopuka a loaʻa i nā hawewe kani ke kau ʻia i kahi hōʻailona uila.
2. Hoʻolaha a me ka Noʻonoʻo: Ke hele nei kēia mau hawewe kani ma waena o nā ʻiʻo like ʻole, loaʻa lākou i nā pilina ma waena o nā hale like ʻole (e like me ka wai a me ka ʻiʻo palupalu a iwi paha). Ke hele nei kekahi mau nalu, a ʻike ʻia kekahi mau nalu i ka transducer.
3. ʻIke ʻEcho: Loaʻa i ka transducer nā hawewe kani i hōʻike ʻia (echoes), a ke hoʻoponopono nei ke kamepiula i nā hōʻailona hoʻi e hana i nā kiʻi manawa maoli.
4. Hoʻokumu kiʻi: Hoʻololi ʻia ka ikaika like ʻole o nā leo i ke kiʻi hina i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pale, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻiʻo a me nā hale like ʻole i loko o ke kino.

Nā noi o ka Ultrasound i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

1. Kiʻi diagnostics

ʻO kekahi o nā noi kaulana loa o ka ultrasound ma nā diagnostics olakino. ʻO kekahi o nā wahi koʻikoʻi kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka ultrasound:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology: Hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, ka nānā ʻana i nā anomalies congenital, a me ka loiloi ʻana i nā pilikia hāpai.
• Ka maʻi naʻau (Echocardiography): Kōkua i ka nānā ʻana i nā hale o ka naʻau, ka loiloi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi o ka naʻau e like me nā maʻi valve a me nā pōʻino hānau.
• Kiʻi ʻōpū: Hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ke akepaʻa, ka ʻōpū, nā puʻupaʻa, ka pancreas, a me ka spleen, e ʻike ana i nā pilikia e like me nā maʻi ʻaʻa, nā ʻōpū, a me nā ʻāʻī.
• Ultrasound musculoskeletal: Kōkua i ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻeha i nā ʻiʻo, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā hono, i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Kiʻi thyroid a me ka umauma: Kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i loko o ka thyroid gland a me ka ʻiʻo o ka umauma.

2. ʻO ka Ultrasound Interventional

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ultrasound i ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā kaʻina hana liʻiliʻi e like me:

• Nā biopsies: He ʻano hana maʻamau ka biopsy aspiration ʻo ke kani kani i alakaʻi ʻia e ke kani kani no ka laʻana o nā ʻiʻo mai nā kino e like me ke ake, ka umauma, a i ʻole thyroid.
• Nā Kaʻina Hoʻouwai: Kōkua i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā catheters e hoʻokahe i ka ʻohi wai (e laʻa, abscesses, pleural effusions).
• Anesthesia āpau: Hoʻohana ʻia e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o ka anesthetic kokoke i nā aʻalolo no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha.

3. ʻO ka Ultrasound Therapeutic

Ma waho aʻe o ke kiʻi kiʻi, loaʻa i ka ultrasound nā noi therapeutic, me:

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino a me ka hoʻoponopono: Hoʻohana ʻia ka ultrasound haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hāpai i ka hoʻōla ʻana o ke kino, hoʻemi i ka ʻeha, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe.
• ʻO ke kani kani kani kiʻekiʻe (HIFU): He ala lapaʻau non-invasive i hoʻohana ʻia no ka luku ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi maʻi prostate.
• Lithotripsy: Hoʻohana i nā hawewe ultrasound no ka wāwahi ʻana i nā pōhaku maʻi i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ke ʻano maoli.

Nā pono o ka Ultrasound

• Non-Invasive a palekana: ʻAʻole like me ka X-ray a i ʻole CT scans, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka ultrasound i nā maʻi i ka radiation ionizing.
• Kiʻi Manawa maoli: Hāʻawi i ka nānā ikaika o nā hale neʻe e like me ke kahe koko a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka fetal.
• Hiki ke lawe a me ke kumu kūʻai: Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka MRI a i ʻole CT scans, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini ultrasound a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao moe.
• ʻAnoʻano: Maikaʻi i nā ʻano lapaʻau kūikawā like ʻole, mai ka obstetrics a i ka cardiology a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia.

Ka palena o ka Ultrasound

ʻOiai he nui nā pōmaikaʻi, aia kekahi mau palena o ka ultrasound:

• Ke komo palena ʻole: ʻAʻole komo nā hawewe ultrasound kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke kino, no laila paʻakikī ke ʻike i nā ʻano hohonu.
• Ka hilinaʻi o ka mea hana: ʻO ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi ultrasound e pili ana i ke akamai a me ka ʻike o ka mea hoʻohana.
• Paʻakikī i ke kiʻi ʻana i nā hale i piha i ka ea a i ʻole nā ​​iwi iwi: ʻAʻole hana maikaʻi ka Ultrasound no nā hale kiʻi i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka ea (e laʻa, nā māmā) a i ʻole nā ​​iwi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki i nā hawewe kani ke hele pono.

Nā mea e hiki mai ana i ka ʻenehana Ultrasound

Ke hoʻomau nei nā holomua i ka ʻenehana ultrasound e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona hiki. ʻO kekahi mau hanana hoʻohiki e komo pū me:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Artificial Intelligence (AI).: Hiki ke kōkua i ke kani ʻana o AI-powered i ka wehewehe kiʻi, e hōʻemi ana i nā hewa a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pololei diagnostic.
• Kiʻi 3D a me 4D: Hāʻawi nā ʻenehana kiʻi i hoʻonui ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi fetal a me ka cardiology.
• Na Mea Hana Uku Paʻa Paʻa ʻole: Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā mea hoʻohana ultrasound paʻa i ke kiʻi olakino, ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā wahi mamao a me nā hoʻonohonoho pilikia.
• Elastography: He ʻenehana e loiloi ana i ka ʻoʻoleʻa o ka ʻiʻo, e kōkua ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka fibrosis ate a me nā ʻōpū.